Clinical Cardiology
A Clinical and Biomarker Scoring System to Predict the Presence of Obstructive Peripheral Artery Disease:
Results from the Catheter Sampled Blood Archive in Cardiovascular Diseases (CASABLANCA) Study
Accepted for Publication on March 4, 2018
Highlights & Key Findings
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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an increasing global health problem with 202 million people diagnosed. A need exists for alternative means for evaluating Peripheral artery disease (PAD).
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A prospective cohort of 355 patients referred for diagnostic peripheral angiography and/orcoronary angiography to Massachusetts General Hospital were enrolled in the CASABLANCA Study (Clinical Trials.Gov NCT00842868). Predictors of ≥50% stenosis in at least one peripheral vessel were identified from over fifty clinical variables and 109 biomarkers.
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Machine Learning (Subset of AI) & Big Data. Candidate panels of biomarkers and clinical variables were generated and evaluated with machine learning statistical techniques, a subset of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The ultimate result of this process was a final test panel and scoring system.
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Final score has 1 clinical variable (History of hypertension) and 6 biomarkers (Angiopoietin-1, Eotaxin-1, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Interleukin-23, Kidney Injury Molecule-1, and Midkine).
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Low risk patients (score = 1) had NPV of 98%; high risk patients (score = 5) had PPV of 86%.
Conclusions
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In a prospective cohort study, we describe a novel method to predict angiographically significant PAD, also lending potential prognostic information regarding need for revascularization.
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The biomarkers in this model all have plausible biologic links to atherosclerosis.
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Clinically, use of a tool such as this could act as a gatekeeper prior to imaging or invasive testing, thus reducing cost and exposures to intravenous contrast and/or ionizing radiation.
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The score may also be used to evaluate at-risk patients for risk of vascular complications. Enriching clinical trials for PAD-related events or identifying patients at risk for adverse effects of drug therapies could be effective.
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Prevencio has also developed HART AMP, a panel specifically for identifying patients at risk for amputation.
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